Personal Statement On Decision And Risk Management

that I am really eager to take a learn about, and it is a class on decision and risk management. With that class I am hoping to gain the critical thinking process needed to make big decisions financially and to lead my future employees and co-workers wisely when those decisions need to be made. I know that to be a good engineer I will have to stay up to date on current events and advancements in the world of technology, and I believe that the classes outlined in the academic plan of study will truly be a benefit to me in acquiring the necessary skills that this job will require. Although I have researched the topic of my career choice in systems engineering extensively, I still have so many questions about it. I am eager to know how long it will take for me to â€Å"climb the ladder† and work my way up through each job before I could potentially become something like a project manager. I have decided to reach out to some people in this career that can better inform me on quest ions like this, because I want to fully know what it is that I am getting into. I know that to be a successful engineer, I will have to learn much more than just academic topics, and I am prepared to do so. I know I must learn attention to detail, I must learn to make sense of hard and complex problems, I must learn to be a team player while leading along side of my co-workers, and I must learn to form the excellent technical knowledge to figure out solutions to problems. A little mishap or error can ruinShow MoreRelatedBusiness Planning And Decision Making879 Words   |  4 PagesPeople are constantly making plans or making decisions. In morden business world, a plan has to be made if a new project been assigned, or there is going to have a major change in the direction of where the business will be reroute. 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FIN540X-A1-07-Managerial Finance by Dr. Anne which is a fully online class Outcomes from my first course ACT510Z to My Workplace The course outcomes for the ACT510Z-AGAC02S-01-Accounting Theory for Management Decisions - by Dr. Miller (Sullivan University, 2015a, P1) are: †¢ Solve various managerial accounting problems †¢ UtilizeRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Innovation1290 Words   |  6 PagesLeadership: A Personal Philosophy To embrace the person that you are, in a time and place where everyone seems to be telling you that you should be everything but the person that you are, is a daunting but worthwhile challenge. I believe that it is in the acceptance of our true selves, imperfections and all, that we gain the ability to view others through a lens colored with compassion and acceptance. It is then that we can become a leader who is self-aware and emotionally competent. Personal PhilosophyRead Moreassig11515 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Assignment – 1 Introduction to Financial Management Question 1: Separate the following list of assets into real assets and financial assets. What are the distinguishing characteristics of each type of asset ? Delivery truck, factory building, corporate bond, inventory, corporate stock , land , note receivable, computer Answer: Real Assets: A real asset is an object or a thing which provide service of some kind, such as transportation, shelter or the ability to produce somethingRead MoreProvidian Trust1107 Words   |  5 Pagesyears of experience with the company and managed clients at a personal level. The trust officers had total control over what was sent to the client, including generation of financial statements. Control of the financial statements often resulted in a 2-3 month lag in statement delivery, a slower turnaround time compared to competitors. Additionally, trust officers often discounted or waived client fees for late or inaccurate statements, costing the company an estimated $2 - $5 million dollars per

The Leeuwin Current Free Essays

The Leeuwin Current is a warm ocean current that flows towards the south around the Western Australian coast and turns towards the east passing through Cape Leeuwin. It continues towards the Great Australian Bight influencing as far as Tasmania. It was discovered a hundred years ago when an investigation of the marine life of the Abrolhos Islands was conducted by William Saville-Kent. We will write a custom essay sample on The Leeuwin Current or any similar topic only for you Order Now It was alleged that there was a warm current flowing towards the south off Western Australia instead of the anticipated cool current that was going towards the north in the bounds of southern Africa and South America. This supposition was based on his observations of warm waters and tropical marine flora and fauna around the Abrolhos Islands. It was only during the dawn of the satellite technology in 1970s that the existence of the southwards-flowing current was finally confirmed. It was then named the Leeuwin Current by George Cresswell and Terry Golding, with its name coming from a merchant ship called Leeuwin, which meant Lioness. The Leeuwin current’s strength varied all through out the year. Its current was strongest during autumn and winter, on the months of April to October, because the opposing winds are weakest. The weakest Leeuwin current’s strength, on the other hand, is weakest during November to March. It is during this season when there are strong winds blowing towards the north opposing the southwards flow of the current. The most productive fisheries are due to the Leeuwin current’s rush of cool waters rich with nutrients. Here are the contributions that the Leeuwin current brought to the marine life and the aquatic environment that it flows through. The existence of true corals at the Abrolhos Islands and the transport of tropical marine species at the west coast and onto the Great Australian Bight are due to this current. This is because the Leeuwin Current causes the continental shelf waters of Western Australia to be warmer in winter than the regions equivalent of that in southern Africa and Chile during summer. The Houtman Abrolhos Islands which is near the edge of the continental shift off of Geraldton, is the southernmost true building corals in the Indian Ocean partly due to the effect of the nutrient-rich tropical waters of the Leeuwin current. The Leeuwin current is seldom to flow around the east of Rottnest but it oftentimes pass by its western and southwestern areas thereby also influencing the flora and fauna there. The coastal waters are relatively nutrient-poor and the fisheries are correspondingly different due to the tropical Leeuwin Current, thus we can infer that the current has a very important impact on both the climate and the marine ecosystem of Western Australia. It is also accountable for the availability of tropical marine organisms at the west and south coasts, as much far south than it could be expected. As a sample, the Leeuwin current was a major contributor to the southern bluefin tuna, the western rock lobster and a number of Australia’s coastal commercial fisheries. As it was seen by collective investigative reports done by CSIRO and the Fisheries Western Australia that spanned for the past 30 years, it was confirmed that there was a link between ocean circulation and lobster recruitment. During late winter and early spring, the puerulus, or the small rock lobsters, are carried by ocean currents back to the continental shelf and inshore coastal regions. Studies had shown that the settlement of these small rock lobsters were closely related with the changes in the flow strength of the Leeuwin Current, which is also linked with the occurrences of El Nino – Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events and westerly winds. It was discovered that puerulus settlement was poor during the El Nino years, when the Leeuwin Current tends to be weak. Also, during the La Nina years, the Current tends to flow more strongly and the rock lobsters settlement was much greater as was measured by satellite sensors. The results simply showed that larger counter-clockwise eddies help larvae settle off the south western Australia, instead of being swept away towards the south. Other species that the WA Fisheries marine biologists were able to link to the strength of the Leeuwin current was that of the pilchards (sardines) on the south coast region near Albany. Also, according to data on fishery, it was seen that there is a negative relationship between the great quantities of the two-year fish with the strength of the Leeuwin Current, measured two years before the fishes’ spawning period. Another was also the whitebait. According to studies, it was concluded that the stronger the Leeuwin Current was, the greater the relative catch of whitebait will be in the next year. The presence of Australian salmon in South Australia was also related to the Leeuwin Current.It was expected that when the Leeuwin Current was flowing strongly and that warmer waters penetrate onto the continental shelf, it was also expected that the fish may simply migrate offshore into deeper cooler waters. References: Leeuwin Current. (n.d.) Retrieved August 14, 2007 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leeuwin_Current. A. F. Pearce and B. F. Phillips. (1988). ENSO events, the Leeuwin Current, and larval recruitment of the western rock lobster. Retrieved August 14, 2007 from http://icesjms.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/45/1/13 Â   How to cite The Leeuwin Current, Essay examples

Sisyphus Essay Example For Students

Sisyphus Essay The Myth Of SisyphusRyan ClairEnglish LiteratureThe myth of Sisyphus was a paper written by Albert Camus to show that life has no ultimate meaning. This goals of men and woman are false and in the end humans really accomplish nothing. Camus represented his idea of existentialism through the use of Sisyphus. This allows us to see a comparison of a mythical tale and the real world. Albert Camus feeling towards existence was that humans were not supposed to be living in the world. Camus believed that there was a sense of absurdity for human existence. Human beings cannot feel at home in a world where chaos, death, and suffering are present. A world designed for humans would have meaning, life, and order. The world that humans presently lived in was not the real home that they should be in. The world was indifferent to the problems facing humans, thereby making humans living unwanted inside of their own universe. Camus uses Sisyphus as an example of how he believes life on earth is really taking place. Sisyphus is forced to roll the heavy rock up the mountain only to find that it rolls all the way back down and making all his work for nothing. Camus believed that this was similar to human life, through all the activities and events throughout our lives we merely accomplish nothing in the end. We work hard and try to achieve goals, but these goals are meaningless in the whole time that makes up our life. Camus believes that Sisyphus is an absurd hero because he believes that he can succeed which ultimately allows for his punishment. If this myth is tragic, that is because its hero is conscious. Where would his torture be, indeed, if at every step the hope of succeeding upheld him? Camus feels that Sisyphus who is a conscious human being exemplifies the lives of many humans on earth. The people feel that they can succeed and accomplish things during their lives, but in the end they die without ever solving the problems they once faced. This is similar to how Sisyphus would endlessly try to accomplish his goal of getting the rock to the top of the mountain only to have it roll back down again. This absurdity can be understood through the comparison of Sisyphus and the lives of many people living around the world. False goals and events throughout life cloud peoples vision that nothing is truly ever accomplished. Sisyphus was sentenced to life of reaching one goal, which could not be me t, and this was his punishment as is many people doing the same thing on earth. Camus beliefs stemmed from the horrors of World War Two. He saw all the suffering and poverty that he had lived through and been surrounded by. This gave him a basis for existentialism, which created significance behind the choices that a person makes throughout their lives. Camus saw how people were put thrown horrible situations on earth and this gave him the idea that humans were merely put onto the earth without a predetermined life. The choices that humans made no difference to the world, the suffering and injustice was just another choice that was made by a person. The world did not respond but merely went on without having any feedback. Humans tried to apply meaning to life but found that the world did not allow for it. Humans were the only entities that tried to insist on having meaning in their lives. It absurdity makes of fate a human matter, which must be settled among men. .u4445c303ca1b1ec8a7fb7d8209e6cde0 , .u4445c303ca1b1ec8a7fb7d8209e6cde0 .postImageUrl , .u4445c303ca1b1ec8a7fb7d8209e6cde0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4445c303ca1b1ec8a7fb7d8209e6cde0 , .u4445c303ca1b1ec8a7fb7d8209e6cde0:hover , .u4445c303ca1b1ec8a7fb7d8209e6cde0:visited , .u4445c303ca1b1ec8a7fb7d8209e6cde0:active { border:0!important; } .u4445c303ca1b1ec8a7fb7d8209e6cde0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4445c303ca1b1ec8a7fb7d8209e6cde0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4445c303ca1b1ec8a7fb7d8209e6cde0:active , .u4445c303ca1b1ec8a7fb7d8209e6cde0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4445c303ca1b1ec8a7fb7d8209e6cde0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4445c303ca1b1ec8a7fb7d8209e6cde0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4445c303ca1b1ec8a7fb7d8209e6cde0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4445c303ca1b1ec8a7fb7d8209e6cde0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4445c303ca1b1ec8a7fb7d8209e6cde0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4445c303ca1b1ec8a7fb7d8209e6cde0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4445c303ca1b1ec8a7fb7d8209e6cde0 .u4445c303ca1b1ec8a7fb7d8209e6cde0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4445c303ca1b1ec8a7fb7d8209e6cde0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Homelessness Is Not An Option EssayCamus feelings of injustice in the world and life without meaning resulted from the problems with himself and surrounding him. The suffering he saw made Camus realize that the world went on while people were living in horrible situations. People were aspiring to unreal goals which meant nothing in the whole face of life. The creation of existentialism resulted from World War Two which gave meaning to the choices that humans made. Although there was no meaning in life, people try to apply meaning to it, while there is really no meaning at all.

War on Drugs and Its Effects

Introduction Drug trafficking has become a common problem in modern societies due to the high number of its effects. People have intentionally abused drugs by using them for purposes other than the prescribed ones. This has led to the formation of laws to govern drug trafficking and drug use in most countries that are determined to eradicate this problem. Drugs are not a problem to the society; however, drug abuse causes complications that make them harmful to users and other people.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on War on Drugs and Its Effects specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A drug is a substance taken to give the user pleasure and satisfaction. People take drugs due to various reasons including treatment of diseases, pain relieving and disease prevention (Mendoza 2010). However, some drugs are used for refreshment and entertainment like alcohol, cigarettes, cocaine, bhang and heroin. Even though, some drugs are used for curative or pain relieving purposes some people misuse them hence causing unintended effects in their bodies. Even though, there are no exact figures to represent the actual problem of drug abuse in the modern society, there are credible statistics that offer information about drug dealing and abuse. The results show that Afghanistan, Russia, United States, Mexico, Colombia, Iran and Australia record high number of drug trafficking, use and abuse. Most drug abusers are youths and adults experiencing stress and depression (Global Commission on Drug Policy 2011). Most people abuse drugs due to lack of jobs that make them desperate and idle. As a result, they resort to abuse drugs to escape from world realities. Moreover, constant family conflicts between couples make them start using drugs and without knowing they end up abusing them. In addition, loss of jobs due to retrenchment or recession makes people abuse drugs as they seek ways of forgetting their predicaments (United Nations 2012). However, most youths abuse drugs after failing to meet their academic expectations. Some also abuse drugs due to pressure from their peers and curiosity to experiment the effects of these drugs. The â€Å"War on Drugs† refers to military steps taken to curb drug abuse, production and trade. These steps include fighting the production of prohibited drugs, educating the public on dangers of drug abuse and creating rehabilitation centres for drug addicts.Advertising Looking for essay on criminal law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The United States formulated this policy to control the production of prohibited drugs through the provision of monetary support to finance projects aimed at curbing this problem (United Nations 2012). This fight was started in 1914 after various drug abuse cases were reported. Even though, this policy took various faces it has since been adopted by many nations as a way of fight ing the effects and prevalence of drug abuse. It is necessary to note that the legalization of prohibited drugs will have various effects in the society. Even though, this will offer room for employment opportunities and development of more houses to act as stores dealing with drugs, the side effects will be more than the benefits accrued (Cave 2012). It is true that legalizing these drugs will reduce the number of unemployed youths and offer sources of income to many families. However, the negative effects of legalizing prohibited drugs will be beyond the society’s imaginations. Families will breakup as a result of abusing drugs at the expense of family responsibilities. Therefore, there will be separation and divorce cases. Children will suffer the consequences of being raised by single parents (Global Commission on Drug Policy 2011). Additionally, family conflicts will result in violence, injuries, death and destruction of family property like furniture and electronics. Th ere will be a high number of unemployed people in the society because most of them will be sacked due to engaging in drug abuse at the expense of work. This will contribute to a high number of social evils like prostitution and robbery because people will be idle and unable to raise money through legal means. Most countries’ economies will drop due to the reduced number of manpower required to participate in productive activities. There will be less productive people as many will be spending their time in drug dens (Global Commission on Drug Policy 2011). There will be an increase in the rate of sexually transmitted infections since people will engage in carless sexual activities. The effects of drug abuse include irrational thinking that will result in unprotected sexual activities among drug addicts. Sometimes this behaviour may extend to their families, friends and relatives leading to incest, defilement and rape. Although, alcohol affects people’s health, it is not prohibited since there are guidelines that regulate its production (Ogutu 2012). This involves the labelling of alcohol bottles and tins to show their alcohol concentration.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on War on Drugs and Its Effects specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Additionally, alcoholic products are brewed or distilled in a clean environment; therefore, this guarantees their users healthy products. The United Nations is against any attempts to legalize prohibited drugs. There are various seminars that continue to highlight the plight of drug users as attempts are being made to fight drug peddling. Conclusion The fight against prohibited drugs is not a complete failure since various nations and institutions are making considerable steps that will eradicate this menace. Various rehabilitation centres have been established and thus rehabilitated many drug addicts. However, people must volunteer and offer essen tial information to law enforcement agencies to help fight this problem. References Cave, D., (2012). Uruguay Considers Legalizing Marijuana to Stop Traffickers.   The New York Times.  Web. Global Commission on Drug Policy, (2011). War on Drugs. Report of the Global Commission on Drug Policy. Web. Mendoza, M., (2010). U. S. Drug Wars has Met None of Its Targets. U. S. Security News.  Web. Ogutu, J., (2012). Three Charged over Sh4m Drug Trafficking. The Standard Digital Media. Web. United Nations, (2012). Mexico General Debate, 67th Session. General Assembly.  Web.Advertising Looking for essay on criminal law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This essay on War on Drugs and Its Effects was written and submitted by user Beau T. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Education and Social Inequality Essay Example

Education and Social Inequality Essay Example Education and Social Inequality Essay Education and Social Inequality Essay Education and Social Inequality Sociology SOC205-10003A-022 Phase 4 DB Part II Kimberly Bottema Dianna B. Adams July 26, 2010 Education is very important for peopleâ„ ¢s success in life. Education provides skills for you to be prepare physical, mental, and social for the world. Education is the foundation of society that brings economic wealth, social prosperity and political stability. The higher education helps to maintain a healthy society to prepare healthcare profession, teachers, lawyers and doctors. One of the main purposes of education is to educate individuals within society to prepare and qualify them for work in economy and integrate people into society. This help to keep value and morals of society smooth and remain stable. It helps prepare the youth for the next generation of leader. Education mainly begins at home one does not acquire knowledge from a teacher; one can learn and get knowledge from a parent or a family member. The role social stratification plays on education is the assumption that private schools will provide quality education to students for their academic and holistic human development. Private school attention is providing a better condition, diverse curricular and experienced teachers. The private is promise quality education for their clients. The ideal marketing is to assume quality product will bring success. The parents believe that quality education in private school will enable their children to succeed in competition with the world. The private schools admit students on their abilities to pay (Zhang, 1996). Some school select students based upon their previous academic performance. Some teachers did not feel that they were prepared for the demanding workloads of private schools. Social mobility is the degree to which in a given society, an individualâ„ ¢s social status can change throughout the course of his or her life or the degree to which that individuals offspring and generations more up and down class system. Horizontal social mobility (Sorokin, 1959) or shifting this means the transition of an individual from one social group to another situated on the same level. For example, one may move from one factory to another in the same occupational status, from one family to another (through marriage), from one citizenship to another, and from one place to another place. Morality rates are higher where black is higher not because of the mechanical effect of higher black mortality rates and lower black income. There is a racial gap in labor market productivity. This discrimination affects family and community resources. The polices that was designed in the 1960â„ ¢s, racial discrimination in labor markets and education opportunities is still existing in 1990â„ ¢s, charged with being both unnecessary and unfair. The breakthroughs of racial barriers in jobs and education have been more difficult to sell. The affirmative action is the effort to enforce some kind of proportional participation of blacks and whites in job categories government contracts and higher education has been criticism. The reverse discrimination is hiring an unqualified minority worker that leads to unfair inefficient production and reduced incentives for minority workers to become qualified. Becker (1957) and Arrow (1973) discrimination is based on the personal prejudice of employees who are willing to sacrifice profits to avoid lining minority workers. The wages differential is vulnerable to competitive pressure. Low wages provide an opportunity for unprejudiced employers to earn higher profits by hiring the underpaid but, equally productive minority workers. Wage differentials due to prejudice do require government action if prejudiced employers are able t o maintain racial barriers to employment. Donohue and Heckman (1991) argue that this was the case in the American South until federal government actions in the 1960â„ ¢s , helped break down the enforcing the desegregation of jobs and schools. References Arrow, Kenneth J., The Theory of Discrimination, In Discrimination in Labor Markets, edited by Orley Ashenfelter and Albert Rees 3-33 Princeton: Princeton University Press 1973 Becker, Gary, The Economic of Discrimination, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1957 Donohue, John H, and James Heckman, Continous versus Episode Change: The Impact of Civil Rights Policy on the Economic Status of Blacks, Journal of Economic Literature 29 December (1991) 1603-1643 www.soa.org/researchfactors/com www.personalumich.edu/eandersn.com

A Reluctant Product of Therapy

Like many pediatricians and other adults who spend most of their time around children, she used false enthusiasm to cover up her other emotions. And also like many other adults who make spending time with children their jobs, she lived under the assumption that children were unable to see through this falsehood, and that children would somehow find this enthusiasm entertaining, or comforting, or relatable. But every time she smiled at me, the skin on her face bunching up under her cheeks and forehead to make room for her unnaturally large grin, I would cry. Because instead of her smile being reassuring, it confirmed to me that something was wrong. Not only that something was wrong, but that something was wrong with me. Her name was Ann, and she was one of my physical therapists. For three or four one-month spouts between the ages of three and twelve, my mother dragged me to her twice a week to undergo some new-wave quack therapy called Tomatis, a treatment in which I wore enormous headphones and listened to high-pitched opera music for hours on end, which, the doctor claimed, was supposed to cure everything from ADD to depression. At times I have convinced myself that all the time I spent with Ann was pointless. She was a board-certified torturer. And who was I for living through this? I was the glorious survivor, who was able to outlast her condescension and her misreading of my abilities, and through a philosophy of self-reliance and emotional fortitude, let my suppressed intelligence and charm blossom! It was, at least, easier to believe this. However, I have come to realize going through therapy as a child increased my success in social and academic spheres as an adult. I have to admit now that as a child I was slow to learn to read. I remember sitting in my 1st grade classroom with my paper reading exercise book, which had shorter words than everybody else’s, stumbling through â€Å"The Cat and the Mat†. My mild cerebral palsy was also something visible; I have home videos of me running like a duck on the soccer field, my right foot making a ninety-degree angle outward with each step. Perhap s I was just a late-bloomer for reading, and my cerebral palsy magically disappeared when I matured. But more likely, it was the many hours I spent in therapy that propelled me to be a good student, if not an exceptional athlete, as a young adult. My physical therapist, Skippy forced me to my physical limits on the treadmill, even though my limit might have been fifteen minutes on the lowest speed. I learned to take sports, and many other aspects of my life, seriously, not covering them up with shoulder shrugs and sarcastic jokes. My reading tutor Erin nurtured me to love reading, putting an MM on the bottom of every page I read correctly. The pleasure of candied bribery turned into actual enjoyment as I was able to move up from such boring books as â€Å"The Cat and the Mat† into riveting classics such as Harriet the Spy. Now reading has not only turned into one of my favorite free-time pleasures, but is also one of my major academic strengths; being able to read well and un derstand words has allowed me to write good research papers for history and to understand complex concepts in my biology textbook. Even Ann, while I was listening to that terrible music, engaged me in games of Scrabble Jr. and checkers, fostering my competitiveness and love for solving puzzles. Therapy is a gift I have learned to appreciate; many of the things I consider part of my unique trademark – my love of reading, my love of puzzles, my frankness and sincerity learned in defiance to the tyranny of fake smiles – were a result of therapy. Therapy made me who I am.

Assess the extent that the UN has been successful since its creation Essay

Assess the extent that the UN has been successful since its creation - Essay Example The Role of the United Nations). What is role is the UN playing today? Has the UN really been able to achieve the target of maintaining peace throughout the world? Has it really become the instrument of the super powers to fulfill their selfish motives? Since its creation a number of questions have been raised on the credibility of the UN. Big nations are bypassing the charter of the UN so how far is it relevant? Is it really going the League of Nations way? The most recent case has been the case of Kosova, where the UN controls the administration. Is that the role UN is supposed to play? Or is that UN was compelled to take on the Kosova due to the hegemony of the super power. Was really the war on Kosova by NATO essential? These are the questions, which are bound to come up while discussing the role of the UN in the world stage. If the UN has really made mistakes in Kosova, has it really understood its mistakes or is it still repeating them? The study indeed shows that the mistakes are still being committed. Is only preventing the war sufficient for the world peace? Can the world be peaceful without the welfare measures? And how relevant is UN really today, when we have seen the recent Afghan war and the Iraq war. These are the questions, which we shall try to answer in our discussions. These are the never ending and controversial questions. The Preamble of the UN clearly states that United Nations was founded to prevent and resolve international conflicts and help build a culture of peace in the world. These intentions are clearly reflected in the departments and the programs of the UN. The UN is taking care of everything that can be the source of the conflicts. The conflict can occur amongst the States or within the States and their causes can also be different. The former can be due to the land dispute, water dispute or other natural resources dispute. The conflicts within the State can be due to religious tensions, due to illiteracy, due caste system

Quiz Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Quiz - Assignment Example Hugh’s family had houseboys to facilitate them. Hugh’s family was part of exotic parties on numerous occasions and there were more chances that hugh’s could come across a famous personality rather the David. While the only problem he had to face initially was of shelter. Although, Hugh mentioned that where I come from, finding a shelter is a problem that an average might confidently leave it to his parents. It was just something that came with having a mom and dad. Q-Catton employs both methods of organizations, subject by subject and point by point, where in the essay does this switch occur( paragraph #)? Why does point by point work better at this point in essay? According to my comprehension the switch occurs in the 12th paragraph where the write compares the both the warriors in a single paragraph based on their single aspect of strength and valor. The switch was mandatory for the comparison between the in terms of common aspects which both

Improving Attendance in Statutory Education Essay Example for Free

Improving Attendance in Statutory Education Essay Under the Education Act 1996, the Council has a statutory duty to ensure children and young people receive fulltime, efficient education, which is suitable to the age, and ability and any special needs they may have. This is usually through attendance at school. The Education Welfare Service (EWS) is one agency which takes the lead role for the Council in supporting school attendance. It will do this through working with children and families, supporting schools and linking with other agencies including the legal system. The EWS will look at a whole range of ideas for why the children aren’t attending school and will look at solutions for this whether it be legal action or just working closely with all involved for example parents, teachers and the school. On the whole this is an extremely important agency which aims to get children into education and helps work out why they are not in education, however there are negative aspects to the agency as they may have to work closely with social services if the parents aren’t fulfilling there role and legal action may be taken again the parents aren’t fulfilling the responsibility although this is a negative aspect of the agency it is all in place for the overall well being of the child. Police can work with local schools and EWC, by undertaking local patrols to detect truancy and going to local areas where children may hide out. By having the police involved children and parents will be able to understand the severity of truancy and poor school attendance which is a positive outcome. This can then lead on to the Youth Offending Team (YOT) whose staff identifies school attendance issues and work actively to resolve them. The Council will work with agencies such as housing companies, Police, Connexions, YOT and voluntary organisations to develop protocols to identify children without school places. Overall these agencies are all there to help improve attendance in schools and all have the same aims, by working together with the school, agencies and organisiations the schools will be able to have the correct support in place for the children in and out of schools, parents and the teachers. The agencies are able to work out reasons for poor attendance and make sure issues are resolved. These organizations are here for a positive reason and to help children get the best education possible and cutting down on reasons for poor attendance. Explain the role of key individuals in improving whole school attendance. Educational Welfare officers- Once a child is registered at a school, it is the parents legal duty to make sure that the child attends school regularly. The role of Education Welfare Officers is to work closely with schools, children and their parents, and with agencies to make sure this happens. The educational welfare officers will work closely with these people to find out why children arent attending regularly and figure out soloutions to ensure this changes. If the parents fail to cooperate and the child does not return to regular attendance at school, the Education Welfare Service may issue a Fixed Penalty Notice or take legal action. Educational welfare officers can refer cases to other agencies such as social services, educational psychologists and health professionals. Ultimately their main responsibilities is to provide support to the children, the families and the school in all areas whether it to be advice on legal responsibilities, or building relationships between the school and the parents and making sure school attendance is at a maximum, if school attendance is not consistant then the educational welfare officers will look into reasons and solutions for this. Teaching Support Workers- Support teachers are in classrooms to support teachers in what they are trying to achieve, they are also there to help individuals who are in need of support when learning, Support teachers are able to give the individuals in need of help more time and focus to help them through areas of difficulties. Having Teaching supports workers available will therefore mean children will feel supported in weak areas and therefore more progress will be made by children which will also boost confidence. Children who are falling behind or children who do not understand specific areas of what they are being taught can become embarassed and withdrawn whilst lacking confidence this could lead to poor behaviour meaning suspension,exclusion,detention or missing school to avoid feeling embarrassed around peers. Having teaching support workers available will mean weak areas can be taregeted and help provided much quicker than just having one teacher in a classroom. Teaching support workers will be able to have the relevant training and guidance to help identify children who are struggling. These are people who are their to support children with any behaviour or learning needs. Headteachers- Most of the duties of a headteacher is managerial and to make sure the school is running properly whilst also making sure everything necessary is provided for staff and pupils. Head teachers will need to make sure specific training is given to identify children who are struggling, making sure there are policies and procedures in place and followed by staff to prevent bullying and equal opportunities. By making sure the children have the mose valuable expreience possible at school and working with children, parents and other agenicies to make sure everything is in place to keep attendace high, if children are struggling the support teacher are in place, if bullying is happening then this needs to be resolved quickly before the child becomes withdrawnand lacks confidence leading to poor attendance. The head teacher will be able to use educational welfare officers and other agencies to help find ways of improving the school and making sure all areas of a childrens welfare are covered and the child is offered the support needed to enjoy school and attend school attaining the best qualifications possible. Special Educational Coordinators- The Special Educational Needs Co-ordinator (SENCO), in collaboration with the head teacher and governing body, plays a key role in determining the strategic development of the Special Educational Needs (SEN) policy and provision in the school to raise the achievement of children with special educational needs. The SENCO takes day-to-day responsibility for the operation of the policy and co-ordination of the provision made for individual children with special educational needs, working closely with staff, parents and carers and other agencies. By having the special education needs co-ordinator this will mean that full support will be given to children in school meaning the chilldren can work to the maximum and achieve the most out of school with the full support and help from the teachers. This will also mean that children wont be embarrassed because they cannot keep up or understand the work and should hopefully stop the children turning to negative behaviour like missing school. This will enable the school to give the children the best experience possible with the best possible outcomes and increased attendance therefore increasing grades attained by children. Explain strategies that can be used to improve the attendance of individual children and young people and whole school attendance Have an attendance policy in place make sure the children are fully aware of the steps that will be taken in cases of non attendance. Whilst making sure that parents follow the procedure for days that children are of sick. Keep parents involved and build relationships with the parents using head teachers and teachers so that they are aware of any problems that maybe underlying at school at the present time which my result in non-attendance. It is also vital to make parents aware of any positive achievements that their son or daughter has achieved. Support available, makes sure that any children struggling in specific educational areas are identified as quickly as possible so that all relevant support and help can be put in place to help the child in the specified area. The school can work in partnership with the educational welfare officer and the local authority to help target specific areas of need. Use rewards and incentives to encourage attendance and punctuality such as certificates for high attendance and increased incentive for the higher attendance and punctuality as the year progresses. Once a child has been absent from school make sure they reintegrate into the school positively. Making sure teachers check they are ok, provide any missed work and provide a support group making sure this is available to the children if they need to talk-for example counselors. Use attendance checks to keep on top of and monitor all attendance for children this will help to discover any patterns in non attendance and help the school find a solution to this quicker therefore benefiting the children. Raising the profile of attendance so if a child fails to attend sending a letter out to parents straight away to make sure they are aware of this or asking for a reason why there was no attendance if the attendance falls below a certain level. Schools can use newsletters and parents evenings to bring this to parents and children’s attention.

Battling Digital Piracy Essay -- Piracy

In today’s age where Internet can provide fast access to any kind of information and media, copyrighted content faces grave threat of infringement. The distribution and unauthorized copying of such copyrighted content results in digital piracy. Common examples are downloading and uploading movies, music, e-books, software, and other copyrighted content online. Piracy deprives the original creators, scientists and artists of the deserved incentives. Digital Piracy has caused the US Copyright Industry a loss of billions of dollars and hundreds of thousands of jobs. To protect the copyright owners’ exclusive rights and encourage original ideas for scientific progress, digital piracy needs to be curbed with appropriate measures. Thus, this paper will discuss the problems caused by digital piracy and suggest measures to reduce digital piracy. With the growing popularity of the Internet, worldwide distribution of content can be done easily at lower price easily avoiding middlemen for distribution purposes. The disadvantage of such easy access is that consumers can access content that they may not be authorized to view for free. Downloading of digital pirated data being just a click away, many internet users are resorting to illegal sites or the peer-to-peer (P2P) networks. The extent of this problem is so much so that 25% of traffic on the Internet today is one resulting from copyright infringement. The progress in digital technology has enabled the production of countless replicas inexpensively and their distribution on Internet without any hassles. Content produced without copy-protection measures, the availability of high-speed internet and cheap storage means available online; all contribute to the rising incidence of piracy. ... ...gal means. Internet was meant to be open in nature, to provide information and services to everyone but was never meant to be a gigantic piracy machine. It was not designed to facilitate access to copyrighted content and encourage sharing of protected content. There is an urgent need to do away with Internet services that encourage digital piracy. Internet Enterprises, Government and consumers should together work towards maintaining integrity of Internet and take active measures to obliterate digital piracy. FCC plays an important role by implementing policy and technical controls to achieve this. Works Cited http://www.judiciary.senate.gov/resources/documents/upload/021611Leahy-RecordSubmissions-Website.pdf http://www.cs.washington.edu/education/courses/csep590a/06au/projects/digital-piracy.pdf http://www.itif.org/files/2009-digital-piracy.pdf

Molecular Archaeology

Different methods have been used and are being used in the analysis of archaeological data. Among others, different archaeometric fields such as paleoecology (paleozoology, paleobotany and pllenanalysis), dating methods (radiocarbon-dating and dendrochronology) and analytical chemistry had been used for the evaluation of the quantity and quality of different archaeological substances (Kiesslich, n.d.). Given the nature of archaeology, evaluated data are analyzed on the point of view of history. The recent discoveries in science particularly in genetics and molecular biology have given rise to another method of scientific analysis of archaeological data. The new developments allow easier investigation of ancient remains not only through paleoecology, dating and chemical methods but on a molecular level. This new branch of archaeological analysis is what is now known as Molecular Archaeology. Christianson (2007) of the Minnesota State University gives a more perspicuous description of the field. According to him, Molecular Archaeology is an â€Å"†¦emergent field in archaeology that has been brought about by the advancements of the recognition and understanding of DNA, focusing on the acquisition of either DNA or mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA) and being able to determine species of natural archaeological finds as well as determine blood lines and/or sex of animal or human remains.† It is this use of the DNA in the analysis of archaeological data that differentiates Molecular Archaeology from the other methods of archaeological analysis. It is the biological function of this DNA that makes molecular archaeology an irreplaceable field in analytical archaeology. This DNA contains genetic information which, once known, could provide special information about the individual properties of the probe (Christianson, 2007). These individual properties include one's species, population, and gender. Also, Through the use of DNA residues, accuracy in reconstructing subsistence and related cultural activities is more probably. As a result, we gain more knowledge and understanding of the lives of our ancestors and the environment they lived in as well as of the other creatures that coexisted with them (Christianson, 2007). There was a time when molecular archaeology seemed to be inconceivable. This was when scientists believed that DNA-preservation was impossible in biological remains. Previous studies have shown that it only took days or even hours for degradation to occur after the death of an individual. With degradation, of course, is the loss of significant genetic information (Keisslich, n.d.). It is one study in the early eighties defied this scientists' limiting belief on the relationship between degradation and DNA-preservation and paved the way for molecular archaeology and the use of DNA in the analysis of archaeological data. â€Å"This is the successful detection of intact genetic information in a 4000-year-old Egyptian mummy† (Kiesslich, n.d.) Furthermore, the invention of analytical methods in molecular biology boosted the field of molecular archaeology. â€Å"In 1988, Mullis and Saiki published a study on Primer-directed enzymatic amplification of DNA with a thermostable DNA polymerase†. Practically, they invented the PCR or the Polymerase Chain Reaction technique which made possible the detection and characterization of even minimal traces of DNA. In theory, the presence of even a single intact molecule of DNA can give a positive result (Kiesslich, n.d.) †The impact of molecular archaeology particularly its use of DNA in evaluating data has been proven to be a great leap in archaeological research†. Because DNA is a huge aspect of molecular archaeology, it is necessary even for the general studies of this subject to include information on the nature of the DNA. DNA is a helically-twisted macromolecule consisting of a sugar-phosphate backbone. â€Å"Each sugar in the DNA's sugar-phosphate backbone is bound to one side-chain which may be different for each unit†. It is this side-chain that represents a single basic unit of DNA or DNA-base. It is the connection between a few to several billions of base-pairs connected by one polymer unit that produces a double helix, particular to the DNA. (Kiesslich, n.d.) The function of the DNA is mainly the maintenance and passing of genetic information from parent to progeny. This genetic information is encoded in 4 different letters (A, C, G, T) which represent the bases or the basic units. Three of the letters together correspond to the next superior information unit (Kiesslich, n.d.) The DNA not only functions for the maintenance and passing of genetic information but also for the control of the biological functions of each cell. For living organisms, it is located in the nucleus of the cells and in small cellular compartments called mitochondria. This mitochondria are considered as the powerhouses of the cell because it provide for the energy needed for cellular processes. Like nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has their own chromosomes. â€Å"In general, a cell contains only two copies of nuclear DNA and as much as a thousand copies of mitochondrial DNA â€Å"(Kiesslich, n.d.). What is crucial to the nature of the DNA is the sequence of its 4 discriminable bases or the base-sequence. It is this base-sequence that represents the genetic information passed on from parent to progeny and controls the cellular chemical reactions. It is this sequence that is the targeted information in the analysis of archaeological facts and this sequence can only be determined through the application of methods in molecular biology (Kiesslich, n.d.). Information given by an individual's DNA is not limited to the individual but also to pathogens which include microorganisms and bacteria, as well as biological materials and the diet of a settlement (Kiesslich, n.d.). DNA of microorganisms and bacteria can be determined through paleopathology and paleoepidemiology. DNA of biological material can be determined through paleoecology, paleobotany and paleozoology. An extracted intact DNA would give the whole genetic information of an individual. This genetic information can be accessed using different sequence-specific DNA probes which also provide information required for archaeological analysis (Kiesslich, n.d.) There is a difference between the extraction of DNA from the nucleus and DNA from the mitochondria. Note that DNA from the nucleus persists only as two copies for every cell while mitochondrial DNA persists at an average of a few thousand copies per cell. â€Å"Nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA require a minimum state of preservation to obtain the specific sequence information†. The greater quantity of mitochondrial DNA allows it to be more readily accessible compared to nuclear DNA. It is also more resistant to degradation processes after death as well as diaganetic influences compared to nuclear DNA (Kiesslich, n.d.). The two types of DNA are different in the types of information that can be obtained. In nuclear DNA, information about an individual's genetic constitution can be obtained. This includes the individual's species, gender, fingerprint and kinship with other individuals. Meanwhile, the mitochondrial DNA provides information that allows the assessment of maternal lineage within a community. This is because mitochondrial DNA is exclusively maternally hereditary. The mitorchondrial DNA's comparatively slow mutational rate also allows greater evaluation of genetic context for individuals. In effect, individuals can be classified through middle and long-range temporal classification (Kiesslich, n.d.). Using information on the X and Y chromosomes, gender can be determined easily using molecular biological methods (Faerman and Filon, 2005). As it is known, gender is one of the most significant features of an individual and is likewise significant in archaeological analysis. Among other parts, gender can be and is usually determined using the teeth and the bones (Kiesslich, n.d.). Sex-specific genes are located in the X and Y chromosomes. Still, the determination of gender is not limited to molecular biological means. The determination of the gender of an individual remains can be done through conventional methods including morphometry. This happens when convenience is not the issue but the quality of the sample itself when it is too damaged or when the remains that are analyzed belonged to an infant. As a rule, a few grams of bone or tooth is enough for DNA-analysis (Kiesslich, n.d.). †Gender determination through DNA-analysis can be exemplified by the study done in South Israel, at a bath house at a burial site of Roman Askalon†. It must be noted that in Ancient Askalon infanticide was a widespread phenomenon (The Advent of Molecular Archaeology, 2005). †Behind the bath house, archaeologists found more than 100 skeletal remains of infants which at first were thought as the remains of unwanted girls†. The epigraph stating â€Å"Enter, Enjoy and†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and the several lamps with erotic motifs gave rise to a theory which was confirmed using DNA-analysis. Through gender determination by DNA-analysis, it was found out that the skeletal remains that were found did not only belong to unwanted girls but also to unwanted boys. The bath house was confirmed to be a brothel and the skeletal remains were the infants of the women who used to work at the place (Kiesslich, n.d.). Meanwhile, the issue on whether or not tuberculosis was brought to Peru by Columbus and his successors was clarified using DNA analysis. â€Å"One study reported that the DNA of tuberculosis pathogens already existed even among 600-900-year-old Peruvian mummies† (Kiesslich, n.d.). Nuclear DNA-analysis is also used in the identification of remains. In history, the remains of Josef Mengele in Brazil as well as the identification of the remains of the Romanov family in Jekatrinenburg after the Bolshevik Revolution were identified using DNA-fingerprinting (Kiesslich, n.d.). The analysis of organic residues in some jars found in Egyptian Amphorae allowed the discovery of what commodities were transported to Egypt during the Late Bronze Age and the links between the sources of the jars, the commodities and the way of transport of substances in the Mediterranean world (Stern, 2001). Mitochondrial DNA analysis was used in the investigation of the Tyrolean Ice-man (The Advent of Molecular Archaeology, 2005). The findings of the investigation revealed a high DNA-sequence homology to today's population in the Northern alps (Kiesslich, n.d.) and showed a great fit to the Northern European context. In this case, clothes and tools associated with the findings were also investigated aside from the individual body, giving an idea on vegetation during the era (Kiesslich, n.d.). DNA-analysis also covers topics historical and anthropological topics particularly population-genetics. Population-genetics include the tracing of migrations and distributions of populations. For example, kinship analysis was done with some individuals in Forida (Kiesslich, n.d.). DNA-analysis can also be used to trace genealogical origins and also in the determination of possible threats of diseases from ancestors. Source materials for DNA-analysis are not limited to bones and teeth. As a matter of fact, anything that could possibly contain DNA, even if not part of the individual's body can be a source material. â€Å"Source materials can range from biological remains such as skeletons, bodies, bones, hair, teeth, forensic and medical preparations, museum specimens, fossils and objects that an individual has come in contact with† (Kiesslich, n.d.). It must be remembered that DNA-analysis is a procedure which involves the destruction of the specimen. This implies that once a specimen has been used for analysis, it cannot be reused. On the other hand, even small amounts of materials, say, a piece of hair or a gram of bone is enough for any DNA-analysis as long as the specimen is of quality, depending on the source's chemical, physical, geological, ecological and biological history (Kiesslich, n.d.). †A DNA can be expected to be intact and well-preserved if it has been maintained at low-temperatures such as the case of the Tyrolean Ice-man, or if it has been maintained in arid places†. As a rule, DNA-degradation happens under humid conditions so specimens coming from deserts, and in polar regions or any other setting with similar conditions would produce more intact DNA specimens and more successful DNA analysis. Other conserving factors include anaerobic conditions such as that in Florida during the kinship analysis and the quantity of possible DNA specimens such in mummies (Kiesslich, n.d.). The less a specimen is affected by diagenetic processes, the more intact and well-preserved it will be when used for DNA-analysis. This is the reason why teeth and bones are commonly used for DNA-analysis. Their structure, and rigidity as well as the little hollow spaces with single cells, which undergo individual post-mortem mummification (Kiesslich, n.d.). In addition, these specimens are less affected by natural contamination during the life of the individual as well as post-mortem contaminations. Contemporary contaminations in the specimens can also be easily removed before extracting the DNA. As noted earlier, teeth and bones are suitable material sources for the determination of gender and for any other DNA-analysis (Kiesslich, n.d.). In molecular archaeology as well as in any other field that require genetic analysis, collection of samples and pre-treatment require maximum precautions. This is to prevent contemporary errors which are possible sources of errors. Errors are especially crucial in DNA-analysis since specimens are not infinite (Kiesslich, n.d.). One simple precaution is to wear gloves and safety-masks. Also, tools and containers that will be used in the analysis should be sterile and free from other DNA contaminants. It must also be remembered that probing of specimens should be done directly at the excavation site, sealed and only opened until it get to the laboratory. All these should be obligatory to prevent contamination and thus, errors (Kiesslich, n.d.) There are many procedures for the extraction of DNA from material sources. Naturally, speciments are cleaned first to remove physical contaminants such as soil and dirt. Specimens are then homogenized and placed in an extraction buffer. This extraction buffer contains compounds that are necessary for the breaking of the source-matrix. The breaking of the source matrix is done by decalcification or and proteinase-digestion. The end product is the extracted solubilized DNA (Kiesslich, n.d.). Similar to extraction, isolation and purification are also done through different procedures. Before doing the process, the chemical and physical conditions of the source material must first be evaluated. This is another preventive procedure to minimize errors from contaminants. Once the DNA in the source material has been purified and contained in an aqueous solution, substances that are co-extracted with the DNA including humic acids and other chemicals which have similar properties with the DNA must be removed to avoid false negatives in PCR reactions. These co-extrants could also inhibit enzymatic reactions (Kiesslich, n.d.). The most powerful tool for the investigation of DNA is the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) because of its sensitivity which allows even a single intact DNA enough for detection. The PCR is an amplification procedure that is sequence specific. â€Å"Here, sequence specific DNA probes are added to reactions considering reaction parameters necessary for the process†. Through this, the target sequence is amplified until detectable amounts are obtained. However, further care must be done in order to avoid contamination, particularly contemporary ones. Contemporary contaminants are better preserved in the PCR. To manage this, blank extracts and zero-controls must be done for every extraction. In sum, controls are necessary to for the verification of the authenticity of the results and in order to trace possible contaminations that are present (Kiesslich, n.d.). Zero-controls are PCR-reactions which do not contain the DNA being analyzed (Kiesslich, n.d.). They are blank extracts which contain everything that is required for the reaction used in the DNA-analysis such as solutions and buffers. In the same way as the source material, these controls undergo the same extraction steps. Much has been transformed by the discovery of DNA. In the past, archaeological investigations may be limited to the physical level. Today, it has reached the era when Archaeology intersects with Molecular Biology. There are still lots of evidences to discover. history is still filled with gaps. With the advent of Molecular Archaeology, strands may just be made and gaps may just be filled. References Christianson, B. (2007). Molecular Archaeology. Minnesota State University. Retrieved 23 October 2007 from http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/archaeology/archaeology/moleculararchaeology.html. Faerman, M., D. Filon, et al. (1995). Sex identification of archaeological human remains based on amplification of the X and Y amelogenin alleles. Gene, 167, (1-2): 327-32. Kiesslich, J. (n.d.). The Emerging Field of Molecular Archaeology. Retrieved 23 October Saiki, R. K., D. H. Gelfand, et al. (1988). Primer-directed enzymatic amplification of DNA with a thermostable DNA polymerase. Science,   239, (4839): 487-91. Stern, B. (2001). Organic Residues in Egyptian Amphorae. University of Bradford. Retrieved 23 October 2007 from http://www.brad.ac.uk/acad/archsci/depart/resgrp/molarch/egypt.html. The Advent of Molecular Archaeology. (2005). Retrieved 23 October 2007 from http://humanitieslab.stanford.edu/2/184.   

Popular Music in the Making of Modern Brazil Essay

Bryan McCann’s book â€Å"Hello, Hello Brazil† colorfully discussed the fascinating world on the development of the Brazilian music industry, the customs and the traditions of the population and the political standing that has influenced the Brazilian culture as a whole. The rapid acceptance of the cultural and political changes that has taken Brazil by storm has turned this nation to become one of the admired Latin American countries with the advancement of their musical industry. From the 1930s to the 1940s, the Brazilians have embarked on a cultural marketplace of recording and broadcasting that was influenced by Getulio Vargas, the politician from Rio Grande do Sul who was known for his dramatic and uneventful style of political agenda. In 1926, Getulio Vargas, a young congressman proposes that movie theaters and radio stations must grant royalties to the musicians for the recorded music they played. The â€Å"Getulio Vargas Law† suddenly became the congressman’s powerful means of endearing himself with the people of the music industry. The Brazilians love music and anyone in his power who protect and pursue the industry will be adored by the people. From then on, the music became livelier and the radio turned to be the most important tool for commercial broadcasting. Suddenly the seemingly boring stage of Brazil’s entertainment industry is teeming with composers, producers, music lovers and even politicians who ride up the wave for political purposes. But since there was a disparity between Minas and Sao Paolo, the two opposing regions with different roots and culture, music was used to unify differences over racial and regional gap. But as McCann discovers the living culture and the progress of Brazil into becoming a developing nation he also took a keen observation on the form of government ran by Getulio Vargas. From 1930 to 1954, the presidency has been advocated on and off by Getulio Vargas for which as some historians say has created a chain of uneventful events not only in Brazil but to the international scene as well. McCann relevantly categorized Getulio Vargas as the president with an unfamiliar way of rules not only in the world of politics but his way of influencing people as well. Vargas was loved by his nation not only because he has made Brazil the musical symbol of Latin America but he also imbibed a great authority on the country’s political and economic standard. He adopted and introduced different social, cultural and technological alternatives that were categorically from Western influence but this method, however, became unpopular especially to the socialist groups. Vargas became known for his goal in unifying Brazil to heal the long-standing class and regional differences between Sao Paolo and Minas. He tried to reconstruct Brazil’s political theme by removing regionalism and inject nationalism but his objectives have became so large that he ruled out the differences of ethnicity and class and at the same time introduced American influence into the culture starting with the music. However as the music progresses, Brazilian musicians and fans started to justify their musical preference with political color. This innovation has affected the purity of music into the realm of opinionated culture and nevertheless turned the foundation of music again into a tool of political segregation. And so the Brazilian and American influenced music industry although has founded solid grounds during the 1930s to 1940s has suddenly became fragmented in the 1950s (Bryann McCann). Getulio Vargas was born at Rio Grande do Sul in 1883. His family belongs to a wealthy clan who are politically strong which gave him the interest and advantage to assume a political career in his younger years. He became a congressman in 1926 through the Legislature in Rio de Janeiro and then appointed by President Washington Pereira as the Finance Minister of Brazil. Vargas has served his appointment well but in 1928 he decided to run for governorship against the political party of Pereira and incidentally won. After two years of being a governor, Vargas was selected by the party Alianca Liberal (Liberal Alliance) to run for president. But Pereira who is still the current president does not want to release his position to another party represented by a politician from the state of Minas. The â€Å"Golden Rule of Brazilian Politics† during that period is that it is required that there will be alternating president from among the state of Sao Paulo and the state of Minas. Since Pereira is from Sao Paulo, he quickly appointed Julio Prestes to be the upcoming president and asked the support of the people from Sao Paulo. This instigates a rebellion starting from the Southern Brazil but incidentally Prestes still won the presidency. Vargas publicly stated that he accepted his fate but then he clandestinely plotted to topple the administration of Prestes. A coup ensued and in three weeks, Getulio Vargas became by force the Provisional President of Brazil in 1930. Vargas’ ideals were of a capitalist and a corporatist and hates socialism. He focused on solidifying the powers of the federal government rather than providing strength and protection for the local and state government. Even in his first term in his office Vargas introduced a new constitution and people see it as a manipulation of the constitution to strengthen his hold. This is his means in achieving a long term project to turn Brazil into a strong nation with a strong economy much like the Western nation he is very fond of. When the people began to feel uncomfortable with his administration Vargas felt he has to do something to continue his ruling and prove himself again otherwise. When his original term was due to end in 1937, he staged another coup at the very last minute and declared that he is placing a new economic system – the â€Å"Estado Novo† or the New State. The Estado Novo was a corporatist state based on the same principles used by Antonio Salazar of Portugal. This new state allowed for Vargas to become President again because basically Estado Novo is founded by the support from large labor sectors in the government. He again snatched another term that will serve him until 1943. However, as 1943 came around he stated that, due to the crisis situation brought about by the eruption of World War II, he would remain in office and that a new election would be held as soon as the war ended. He made a similar announcement in 1944 in the middle of the war. When the war ended, however, it seemed he had no option but to allow for elections to continue. Brazilian election laws of that time required any government official to resign one year prior to elections if they wished to be eligible for the following elections. But Vargas did not want to resign nor showed any intention of doing so. During this period the people of Brazil want him out of the palace and branded him as a dictator. The military became upset and tell him he needs to resign because he is not eligible to run. Vargas was outraged and said if they wanted him to be out of the presidential palace then they have to remove him physically but assured the military he would fight them with his own men. The military officials want no bloodshed and so their only option was to cut off of the electricity and the water supply to force him out. Although he challenged them to attack so that, as he said, his blood would symbolize his protest against the violence they are imposing on him the military did not hurt him. Finally he left the palace with a belief that he has served his country well. But Vargas has a heart of concrete determination and the appetite for power. In his years of being out of the palace he became a senator and a congressman thanks to his political party who is always in support for his candidacy. He became the Senator for the state of Rio Grande do Sul but although he is still active as a politician for four years he said he prefers being a private person. Then suddenly Vargas re-emerged as a member of the Brazilian Labor party which encouraged him to run for president again. In 1951, Vargas re-assumed his third term as the President of Brazil. However, the Brazilian economy was in shambles and there is an increasing opposition against his ruling. The country’s inflation cannot able to cope up with the cost of living which made Vargas powerless in the middle of this crisis. His health began to fade and attacks of depression and insomnia became frequent. The worst thing, however, was that the United States which he thought was his ally have became less concerned with Brazil and do not want to fulfill its promise of economic assistance. His ever increasing critics became more direct in hitting his administration until his chief bodyguard was implicated in an attempted killing of Vargas’s infamous critics. Corruptions of his government were exposed and the military leaders again called for his resignation but he did not resign. On the morning of August 24, 1954, a large crowd gathered in his palace shouting for his resignation. Then the military officials gave him an ultimatum of forcing him out. Pressured and officiated as the great dictator he went to his room, sat down and wrote a note to his people and then committed suicide. He wrote all his frustrations against those who criticize him – the military and the opposition who continued to ask for his blood. He said they have insulted him and was not given the right to defend himself and has silenced his voice. He listed all the accomplishments he had done for Brazil such as liberating the people by means of social freedom, revised the wages in favor of the poor, guided the economy to prevent the effect of economic meltdown, and bring peace to warring factions by means of unification of the two states. He dramatically ended his note and added that now that he was condemned, he has to leave the people defenseless from an institution he has always protected but now exploited. When the note was read on the radio and aired on television, the audience suddenly felt his frustrations and despair. They began chanting his name and want him back. In the history of Brazil’s regime, Vargas became known by many to be the â€Å"Father of the Poor†. However, most people see him as an egomaniacal dictator. While he was seen as an idealist and a principled leader by captivating the hearts of the poor, his means in achieving a long lasting success for Brazil is nonetheless ostracized because of many shortcomings. First, he formed alliances with rich foreign countries in building a corporatist and a capitalist government so that he can control the economy and trash out socialism. In effect this did not materialize but socialism succeeded after he died. Second, those who oppose and criticize his dictatorial administration were imprisoned to contain them. Lastly his greed for power is endless and invalidated the laws by creating selfish deeds against the government just to hold on to power. Getulio Vargas ruled Brazil for almost 20 years. Unfortunately, most people claimed that his dictatorial leadership virtually destroyed Brazil’s constitutional government because of his greed for power and corruption. His means on making Brazil a great country was not successful for he has manipulated not only the constitution but fooled the people by denying them their own sovereign power to vote the person they want. Once in power he became an authoritarian and a corporatist which somehow destroyed the state controlled labor sectors. But as McCann said Vargas has at least earned a reputation of a good leader by those who he handed help. This is the part when he was successful with his leadership. In his long years of leadership, he once hailed a hero by the people of Brazil, Vargas became successful in some aspects for he has instituted social programs for the poor and created a bill that would allow women to vote. He gave freedom to women and encouraged them to become part of the labor forces of Brazil. He revitalized the military and for a time he enlivened the economy while improving the relationship of Brazil to other countries. Although many observers say Vargas was more prominent on the national than the local level, his relationship with the Western world signifies his intention in turning Brazil into an industrialized nation. Unfortunately his dreams did not completely materialize until he took his own life thinking he was a good president and had served his people well (Bryan McCann). Works Cited: McCann, Bryan. Hello, Hello Brazil: Popular Music in the Making of Modern Brazil Duke University Press, 2004. McCann, Bryann. â€Å"Hello, Hello Brazil: Popular Music in the Making of Modern Brazil. † Estudios Interdisciplinarios de AmA ©rica Latina y el Caribe (2004). August 4, 2009 .

buy custom Children’s Toy Environment essay

buy custom Children’s Toy Environment essay This project focuses on the design of the childrens toy environment. This environment is designed for playing with a Velcro Dart Board. It is majorly focused to be used by both parents and the children in their early ages from five four years old and below. For the parents case the childrens toy environment is necessary to ensure that there the children causes little disturbance in the whole house during the day. This project will be the parents help the children learn how assemble and dismantle different parts of the toys that are in the toy yard. Upon completion this project ideas can be sold to the parents to build a toy yard for their children. This can be used as the basis for innovation and creativity for the children at their early ages, to help them learn how to use the technology to develop their careers at early ages. As part of this project, the main target being the parents with young children it will act both an area for relaxation for the children and ensure that the kids are always busy within the yard. Although this project has been targeted for young children, parents can redesign the area as per their satisfaction and the age of the children. The older children become the more sophisticated they become; therefore, changing the toys with the ideal components that the kid will ever use in the future can be a more projectile idea. Areas of investigation Since there have been advance in technology in the recent past the area of consideration should be technology to ensure more advances in technology are made. This means that the parents have to preserve at least a section the house or construct a yard that the children can use with the toys and ensure maximum supervision is reduced. In order to ensure that there is less or no commotion in the area the toys used should have considerably less weight that the kids are able to lift without straining. Also, due to cost of the toys therefore the smaller and lighter toys are relatively cheaper compared to the bigger and heavier toys. In addition, for aesthetics purpose the shapes and the colour of the toys and also the room painting should be designed to accommodate the moods of the children to capture their interest. To capture the analysis of the design feature of this project, there is a need to collect some data from parents from different economic background. Another feature to consider is questionnaires for the purpose getting enough information from both the children and the parents on the project implementation. Apart from these, survey will be done to capture a sample number of the children within a given society with respect to their interests and that of their parents. This survey may be achieved through education on technological improvement for the future inventions. Criteria to Evaluate Success Since this project is targeted to capture the interest of both the parent and the children, it is therefore important to ensure that the location is well aerated. Secondly, the area should not be away from the parents so as to ensure that the parents have eye on their kids. Sometimes different parent may not have had the chance to capture the idea at the beginning of the project; therefore it is necessary to have the area be in a strategic the location. The type of toys recommended for use should be focused on capturing the interest of the others to the same for their children. What the children will be introduced to should be made to ensure that it has a positive impact on their development and that of their parents by an environment that the parents would admire from them. From the data analysis and survey from children, most children are very active at their early ages, so 75% of the children if introduced to technology at that age can make be emotionally attached to this idea. Having used the toys in assembling of cars, small bicycles, and robots this model has proved to the best for kids to learn how to assemble the dart board with time provision to incorporate the ideas and use them. This can be focused to develop new designs from the children related to their interest, which in turn can result to development of the children both mentally and emotionally. Project management Action and Time Plan The table below is a presentation of the action time plan for the project development from project start to finish. Activity Time estimates in weeks Expected time Optimistic Normal Write proposal 2wks 3wks 3wks Design phase 2wks 4wks 4wks Design review 2wks 3wks 3wks Design testing 1wk 2wks 2wks Final implementation 4wks 5wks 5wks Present the project 1wk 1wk 1wk The chart below is a simple Gantt presentation of the action time plan for the project development from project start to finish Activity Activity no Precedence duration May-2011 June-2011 Jul-2011 August-2011 Sep-2011 Write proposal A 0 3wks Design phase B A 4wks Design review C B 3wks Design testing D C 2wks Final implementation E D 5wks Present the project F E 1wk Finance Plan The Velcro dart board materials are inexpensive and therefore the cost of the design is financially friendly thus, ensuring children at less expense. The total cost of the whole Velcro dart board is approximately $10 for the mini board and if planning to design a larger design it can cost up $50 including the purchase and design of the balls. Project development This project has been developed from the knowledge of the play ground incorporated with indoor gaming and toy playing. I came up with the idea of creating an environment which ensures the children safety and ensure that the parents are comfortable and they can monitor the activities related to their children. With the indoor playing the parent can get maximum time to supervise their kids while playing the darts to prevent them from poking each other with the darts. The Velcro dart board games use round balls that have strips of attached to them. These balls are supposed to stick on the board when thrown to the board. It is therefore ideal for the parents to introduce their kids to this game at a slower pace and thus with time they be able to acclimatise to the use of the real darts. These darts are supposed to be a source of entertainment for the kids since they have colourful face and colourful balls. It is also based on the fact that it is fun for kids peeling the balls and playin g again. Stick Velcro on the board and paint on the board a bulls eye and have the children throw the balls to target the bulls eye. Figure 1: An ideal design of Velcro dart board Consideration of design factors To ensure that the design meets the right criterion for manufacture, it necessary to put into consideration that the kids needs artistic exploration to learn how to design and play. This design meets the parents requirements to ensure that the childreen have total satisfaction for the toy environment. Therefore, the design functions as an area to ensure children are busy also provides an aesthetic advantage to please to moods of the children. In matters relating to the safety of the design, it is clear that the toys to be used should be light in weight for ease to move within the environment. Also, the area is well aerated therefore there cannot be cases of aeration within the toy yard for the children. Ergonomics of the design entails the design for the average size that targets the children as the main audience of the activities involved in the use of the toys. Related to this its important to have researched on the hand and body sizes of the children to used the design. This is in relation the childrens ability to use the darts while playing with the dart board. Quality as a factor related to durability, it therefore important to have design that is well vast on the needs for the comfort and entertainment of the children. This design has focused on the durability of the parts should not be easily broken, therefore the ideal materials use to design the toys in this project are paper foils. Research and experimental testing The table below is a sequence of activities involved in testing the design Test Aim Method Results Conclusion(s) shooting To test strength of the material against rapture Use of real sharp darts Can withstand the punching effect of the darts Material ideal for the design Burning To have biodegradable materials Burning the material with fire Material completely burn with less carbon emission The material are environmentally benign for the project Identification Justification of Ideas and Resources Through brainstorming the ideas about this design are from the past children playing grounds minimised to be setup indoors for safety of the children against the environmental obstruction. From the tests conducted on the project it has been proved that the project is viable to be used in any society. This is well indicated by the reason that the project is designed to use biodegradable materials therefore being environmentally friendly. The surveys conducted show that the number of the users can increase drastically with time and new inventions for the design improvement. Also there should be a guideline for the kids not walk in front of the darts while the game is on session this means that they should always stand behind the person throwing the darts and thus the accident chance are reduced. Small kids should not be allowed to play with real darts. The darts to be used by the kids should plastic darts, which are not as hard as the steel-tip-darts. The idea of dart playing is incorp orated from the reason that the parents have to teach their children about their past. So the dart playing game is a social game that the children can use on their own or still play with the parents. Project evaluation Analysis Evaluation of Functional and Aesthetic Aspects of the Design The location of this project demands the need to have proper positioning of toys in the yard in relation to their use. Therefore, the design qualifies the general requirements that the parent may desire for the satisfaction and comfort of the children. As a result of these this project has a number of advantages: it is easy to make thus, it each parent can make a model of their own. Secondly, it requires basic knowledge on design analysis. Lastly, the design materials are cheap and they are environmentally benign. Regardless of these merits the design has some drawbacks in that it is time consuming to make this design. And also to convince the parents to buy and implement the idea requires much effort in integrating the new design. Final Evaluation of the project with respect to the Project Proposal and the Projects impact on Society and the Environment Since this project was targeting the development of a design that suits both the children and the parent, it has proved to have achieved the design requirements. This is due to the reason that the children have humble time in the toy yard while the parent will enjoy seeing their children work in a safe environment that they are comfortable with. The design procedure requires that the materials use should paper, thus if there are waste paper in the region it will have created recycling program for the waste paper. As a result there will be less paper waste and therefore the project has environmental impacts on the society. Relationship of the Final Product, System or Environment to the Project Proposal From the analysis the completed design fits well with the children requirements and therefore it is regarded as both flexible and fit for the societal need. The project proposal focuses on the design of a toy environment which captures the attention of the children and centres the concentration in one area. The materials used to design the toys to be used in the yard are environmentally friendly thus; the project can be incorporated in the system with minimal environmental pollution. Application of conclusions Based on the preliminary research on the design analysis this design has achieved the need for development of new designs for toy environment. It is clear that the results obtained from the testing procedures are relatively important in relation to the project proposal in terms of safety for the user, environmental issues, quality and cost analysis. Buy custom Children’s Toy Environment essay

Reducing mongoose evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Reducing mongoose evaluation - Essay Example With introduction of modern technology each day, the use of a microchip will be substantially of great importance. The microchip will be inserted into the specimen’s skin and will be used to electronically submit data on the location of the specimen. Famous reseachers of the moongose family,have done a lot of research to control and improve the population genetics. The have suceeded in bringing into existence a breed of the moongose known as the yellow mongoose that is more adaptable to its habitat. The method of genetic control they use is time consuming. To change the genetics of a mongoose using their method, it requires studying at least 70% of its entire lifetime. (Suckow, Douglas & Weichbrod , 2002) Animal laboratory technology has improved significantly. Instead of using the whose animal to study its population genetics, alleles and genes from the specimen can be taken and monitored in specialized equipment in the laboratory This method reduces the risk of restarting the experiment and is quicker and less expensive. Results that are more accurate will be achieved. However, this method will require hiring of new personnel with the required

Toxicity from Heavy Metals Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Toxicity from Heavy Metals - Dissertation Example Heavy metals occur naturally in the crust of the Earth. These metals depict remarkable stability, and resist any attempt at degradation or destruction. As a consequence, heavy metals accumulate in sediments and soils. Some of the heavy metals have undergone drastic change in their biochemical and geological cycles, due to human activity (Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs, 2008). Some of the primary man – made sources of heavy metals are the mines, smelters, foundries, traffic and by products of combustion. Heavy metals that are comparatively more volatile tend to be dispersed over vast areas through the atmosphere. In several cases, such heavy metals have been deposited thousands of miles from the site of their initial release into the atmosphere (Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs, 2008). The suspension in the atmosphere of heavy metal particles, in general, depends on their size and lightness. Thus, heavy metal particles that are larger than 10 micro meters (Â µm) in diameter settle to the ground, under the influence of gravity. This takes a few hours for completion. However, the heavy metal particles that are less than 1Â µm in diameter persist in the atmosphere for weeks. Such particles are usually removed from the atmosphere, by precipitation (Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs, 2008). ... However, the heavy metal particles that are less than 1Â µm in diameter persist in the atmosphere for weeks. Such particles are usually removed from the atmosphere, by precipitation (Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs, 2008). A useful definition of heavy metals is given below. Heavy metals are chemical elements that have a specific gravity that is ? 5 times the specific gravity of water. At 40C the specific gravity is deemed to be 1, by convention. As such, specific gravity is the ration of the density of a substance to the density of water (LifeExtension, 2013). Toxicity in Heavy Metals Some of the toxic metals, whose specific gravity exceeds 5 times that of water are; arsenic with a specific gravity of 5.7, cadmium with a specific gravity of 8.65, iron with a specific gravity of 7.9, lead with a specific gravity of 11.34, and mercury with a specific gravity of 13.546 (LifeExtension, 2013). Heavy metals that cannot be metabolised by the human body accumulate in the s oft tissues and become toxic. The entry of heavy metals into the human body is via air, food, water; and cutaneous absorption due to agricultural activity; exposure during manufacturing, industrial or pharmaceutical activity; or residential exposure (LifeExtension, 2013). With regard to adults, the entry of toxic heavy metals is frequently on account of industrial exposure to these substances. Among children, ingestion is the most common reason for the entry of toxic heavy metals. It has been determined that normal hand to mouth activity could lead to the development of toxic levels of heavy metals among children. The infrequent or rare routes of toxic heavy metal entry into the human body include radiological procedures, incorrect dosing or monitoring during intravenous nutrition, a

The implications of erecting additional Transmissions Lines in New Assignment

The implications of erecting additional Transmissions Lines in New Zealand by Transporter - Assignment Example The act took effect from the year 2011. The NZ government has authority to review the electricity pricing every five years. The government authorized Transpower to carry out the business to improve on the efficiency of power supply in NZ. Revenue collection by Transpower has control by the government for it not to exceed Maximum Allowance Revenue (MAR) (Sankaran, 2006). Transpower Company, however, negotiates with the NZ government for it to finance its operations including expansion of the national grid. The electricity company used its outstanding capital proposal as one of strategies to seek for the government approval to its revenue collection plan. The national grid of New Zealand This refers to the NZ main transmission line for electricity. The grid, owned by Transpower New Zealand Limited covers 11,803 kilometers carrying high voltage lines. The distribution of electricity takes place through 178 substations built by Transpower at different strategic locations all over the cou ntry. The main source of electricity in NZ is hydroelectric. The generating stations lie along large lakes and rivers in the southern region of NZ. The sitting of the stations depends on water availability and the head of water. Reaction turbines and impulse turbines perform well in power generation using water head (Sankaran, 2006). In NZ, most of power demand is in the Northern Island. This means that power transmission over a long distance is crucial hence the necessity of the grid. The grid, therefore, runs across Cook Strait, through the two Islands. Setting out a grid over such a long distance is a costly investment and; therefore, NZ commercial commission has to work in collaboration with the company. After negotiations, between NZ and Transpower, planning of grid expansion and upgrading of the necessary infrastructure took place. The project is to cost $5 billion over the duration of 10 years (Iyer, 2010). Typical power supply system Large generating station Step up transfor mer- Super grid Step down transformer-Grid substation Step down transformer- Grid transmission line (grid switching substation) Primary distribution- for heavy industries Step down transformer- high voltage sub station Step down transformer- for local distribution A map showing National Electricity transmission grid in NZ Source: Best, 2012 History The first hydroelectric power station in NZ was in Bullendale, which lie in Otago. The main purpose of the plant was to provide power at the phoenix-mining centre located about two miles away from the station. This was back in the year 1885. A transmission line linking the generation point and the mining site was necessary making the first ever power grid in the country. The development of other discoveries requiring electricity led to construction of more transmission lines with the first principal grid constructed between 1913 and 1914. The supply voltage in the first transmission lines was 3.3 kv but, as the transmission distance incre ased, transmission voltage increased (Sankaran, 2006). New Zealand has divided electricity business in various stages and assigned each stage to different companies. The stages include, authorized generators, distributors which include the electricity lines companies, retailers who sell the power to consumers, and transmission companies in this case the Transpower. Transpower, therefore, deal with high voltages